Principe

Les fenêtres modals (ou popins) sont des fenêtres qui se superposent à la page principale.
Cela nécessite le plugin javascript bootstrap correspondant.
À noter que les tooltips, les popovers, le système de grille peuvent être utilisés à l'intérieur des modals.

Structure

La modal prévoit de façon facultative la présence de .modal-header, .modal-body et .modal-footer.

<div class="modal" tabindex="-1">
  <div class="modal-dialog">
    <div class="modal-content">

      <div class="modal-header">
        <h5 class="modal-title">Modal title</h5>
        <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button>
      </div>

      <div class="modal-body">
        <p>Modal body text goes here.</p>
      </div>

      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
      </div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div>
Exemple

<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#exampleModal">Launch demo modal</button>

<!-- Modal -->
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
    <div class="modal-dialog">
        <div class="modal-content">
            <div class="modal-header">
                <h1 class="modal-title fs-5" id="exampleModalLabel">Modal title</h1>
                <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button>
            </div>
            <div class="modal-body">
                ...
            </div>
            <div class="modal-footer">
                <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
                <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
Static Backdrop

À noter que par défaut, le clic sur l'overlay permet la fermeture de la modal.
Pour empêcher ce comportement, ajouter data-backdrop="static" sur la modal.
L'attribut data-bs-dismiss="modal" est à mettre sur tout élément servant de bouton de fermeture (Close button du header et/ou Bouton de fermeture dans le footer).

<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#staticBackdrop">Launch static backdrop modal</button>

<!-- Modal -->
<div class="modal fade" id="staticBackdrop" data-bs-backdrop="static" data-bs-keyboard="false" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="staticBackdropLabel" aria-hidden="true">
    <div class="modal-dialog">
        <div class="modal-content">
            <div class="modal-header">
                <h1 class="modal-title fs-5" id="staticBackdropLabel">Modal title</h1>
                <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button>
            </div>
            <div class="modal-body">
                ...
            </div>
            <div class="modal-footer">
                <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
                <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Understood</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
Contenus longs & scroll

2 façons de gérer les contenus longs.

Scroll au niveau de l'écran (défaut)

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#exampleModalLong">Exemple</button>

<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalLong" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLongTitle" aria-hidden="true">
    <div class="modal-dialog">
        <div class="modal-content">
            <div class="modal-header">
                <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLongTitle">Modal title</h5>
                <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button>
            </div>
            <div class="modal-body">
                <p>...</p>
            </div>
            <div class="modal-footer">
                <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
                <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
Scroll du contenu de la modal

À noter l'ajout de la classe .modal-dialog-scrollable sur la .modal-dialog.

<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-scrollable">
    ...
</div>
Centrage vertical

Par défaut, la modal se positionne en haut de l'écran mais il est possible de la centrer verticalement.
Il faut ajouter la classe .modal-dialog-centered à .modal-dialog.

<!-- Vertically centered modal -->
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered">
  ...
</div>

<!-- Vertically centered scrollable modal -->
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered modal-dialog-scrollable">
  ...
</div>
Sizes

Des largeurs de modals sont prédéfinies dans bootstrap et fonctionnent via l'ajout d'une classe sur .modal-dialog.

Size Class Modal max-width
Small .modal-sm 300px
Default None 500px
Large .modal-lg 800px
Extra large .modal-xl 1140px

<div class="modal-dialog modal-xl">...</div>
<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">...</div>
<div class="modal-dialog">...</div>
<div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">...</div>
Full Screen

Possibilité de rendre full screen une modal en utilisant les breakpoints.
Il faut ajouter la classe .modal-fullscreen-*-* sur .modal-dialog.

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#exampleModalFullscreen">Full screen</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#exampleModalFullscreenSm">Full screen below sm</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#exampleModalFullscreenMd">Full screen below md</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#exampleModalFullscreenLg">Full screen below lg</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#exampleModalFullscreenXl">Full screen below xl</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#exampleModalFullscreenXxl">Full screen below xxl</button>

<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreen" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenLabel" aria-hidden="true">
    <div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen">
        ...
    </div>
</div>

<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreenSm" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenSmLabel" aria-hidden="true">
    <div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen-sm-down">
        ...
    </div>
</div>

<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreenMd" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenMdLabel" aria-hidden="true">
    <div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen-md-down">
        ...
    </div>
</div>

<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreenLg" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenLgLabel" aria-hidden="true">
    <div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen-lg-down">
        ...
    </div>
</div>

<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreenXl" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenXlLabel" aria-hidden="true">
    <div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen-xl-down">
        ...
    </div>
</div>

<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModalFullscreenXxl" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalFullscreenXxlLabel" aria-hidden="true">
    <div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen-xxl-down">
        ...
    </div>
</div>
CSS
Variables CSS
--#{$prefix}modal-zindex: #{$zindex-modal};
--#{$prefix}modal-width: #{$modal-md};
--#{$prefix}modal-padding: #{$modal-inner-padding};
--#{$prefix}modal-margin: #{$modal-dialog-margin};
--#{$prefix}modal-color: #{$modal-content-color};
--#{$prefix}modal-bg: #{$modal-content-bg};
--#{$prefix}modal-border-color: #{$modal-content-border-color};
--#{$prefix}modal-border-width: #{$modal-content-border-width};
--#{$prefix}modal-border-radius: #{$modal-content-border-radius};
--#{$prefix}modal-box-shadow: #{$modal-content-box-shadow-xs};
--#{$prefix}modal-inner-border-radius: #{$modal-content-inner-border-radius};
--#{$prefix}modal-header-padding-x: #{$modal-header-padding-x};
--#{$prefix}modal-header-padding-y: #{$modal-header-padding-y};
--#{$prefix}modal-header-padding: #{$modal-header-padding}; // Todo in v6: Split this padding into x and y
--#{$prefix}modal-header-border-color: #{$modal-header-border-color};
--#{$prefix}modal-header-border-width: #{$modal-header-border-width};
--#{$prefix}modal-title-line-height: #{$modal-title-line-height};
--#{$prefix}modal-footer-gap: #{$modal-footer-margin-between};
--#{$prefix}modal-footer-bg: #{$modal-footer-bg};
--#{$prefix}modal-footer-border-color: #{$modal-footer-border-color};
--#{$prefix}modal-footer-border-width: #{$modal-footer-border-width};

--#{$prefix}backdrop-zindex: #{$zindex-modal-backdrop};
--#{$prefix}backdrop-bg: #{$modal-backdrop-bg};
--#{$prefix}backdrop-opacity: #{$modal-backdrop-opacity};
Variables SASS
$modal-inner-padding:               $spacer;

$modal-footer-margin-between:       .5rem;

$modal-dialog-margin:               .5rem;
$modal-dialog-margin-y-sm-up:       1.75rem;

$modal-title-line-height:           $line-height-base;

$modal-content-color:               var(--#{$prefix}body-color);
$modal-content-bg:                  var(--#{$prefix}body-bg);
$modal-content-border-color:        var(--#{$prefix}border-color-translucent);
$modal-content-border-width:        var(--#{$prefix}border-width);
$modal-content-border-radius:       var(--#{$prefix}border-radius-lg);
$modal-content-inner-border-radius: subtract($modal-content-border-radius, $modal-content-border-width);
$modal-content-box-shadow-xs:       var(--#{$prefix}box-shadow-sm);
$modal-content-box-shadow-sm-up:    var(--#{$prefix}box-shadow);

$modal-backdrop-bg:                 $black;
$modal-backdrop-opacity:            .5;

$modal-header-border-color:         var(--#{$prefix}border-color);
$modal-header-border-width:         $modal-content-border-width;
$modal-header-padding-y:            $modal-inner-padding;
$modal-header-padding-x:            $modal-inner-padding;
$modal-header-padding:              $modal-header-padding-y $modal-header-padding-x; // Keep this for backwards compatibility

$modal-footer-bg:                   null;
$modal-footer-border-color:         $modal-header-border-color;
$modal-footer-border-width:         $modal-header-border-width;

$modal-sm:                          300px;
$modal-md:                          500px;
$modal-lg:                          800px;
$modal-xl:                          1140px;

$modal-fade-transform:              translate(0, -50px);
$modal-show-transform:              none;
$modal-transition:                  transform .3s ease-out;
$modal-scale-transform:             scale(1.02);
Mais encore...

En savoir plus.